Day 1
Welcome to the world of Spoken English! This class is your first step toward gaining confidence in communication. English is a global language, used in education, jobs, travel, and daily conversations. Here, you will learn to speak fluently through simple grammar, useful vocabulary, daily use sentences, and interactive activities. Don’t worry about mistakes—every effort brings you closer to improvement. With regular practice and a positive mindset, you will grow stronger day by day. Let’s make learning fun, practical, and exciting.
Get ready to speak with confidence and open new doors of opportunity in your life!
Spoken English focuses on how we use English in everyday communication. It includes correct pronunciation, sentence structure, tone, and body language. To speak fluently, one must listen carefully, practice speaking daily, and think in English. We begin with basic grammar, such as tenses and sentence formation, and move on to common phrases, greetings, self-introduction, and daily conversations. Spoken English also improves confidence, especially in interviews, meetings, or social situations. Interactive activities like role plays, group discussions, and storytelling make learning easier and fun. With regular use, English becomes natural, helping you express yourself clearly and confidently in any situation.
Spoken English is not just about learning words, it's about expressing yourself with clarity and confidence. With consistent practice, a positive attitude, and the right guidance, anyone can become a fluent speaker. Remember, mistakes are part of the journey, so never stop trying. Use English in daily life, think in English, and stay motivated. This course will empower you with the skills to connect, grow, and succeed in both personal and professional life.
Here are a few positive English words with their Hindi meanings:
1. Confident – आत्मविश्वासी
2. Hope – आशा
3. Success – सफलता
4. Believe – विश्वास करना
5. Joy – आनंद / खुशी
6. Courage – साहस
7. Gratitude – कृतज्ञता
8. Inspire – प्रेरित करना
9. Growth – विकास
10. Peace – शांति
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1. Confident – आत्मविश्वासी
1. She is confident about her presentation.
वह अपनी प्रस्तुति को लेकर आत्मविश्वासी है।
2. A confident person always attracts others.
एक आत्मविश्वासी व्यक्ति हमेशा दूसरों को आकर्षित करता है।
3. He spoke in a confident tone.
उसने आत्मविश्वास से भरी आवाज़ में बात की।
4. Confidence comes from preparation.
आत्मविश्वास तैयारी से आता है।
5. Be confident in your abilities.
अपनी क्षमताओं पर आत्मविश्वास रखो।
2. Hope – आशा
1. Never lose hope in tough times.
कठिन समय में कभी आशा मत खोओ।
2. She hopes to get the job.
उसे नौकरी मिलने की आशा है।
3. Hope keeps us moving forward.
आशा हमें आगे बढ़ने की शक्ति देती है।
4. There is still hope for change.
परिवर्तन की अभी भी आशा है।
5. With hope, everything is possible.
आशा से सब कुछ संभव है।
3. Success – सफलता
1. Hard work leads to success.
कड़ी मेहनत सफलता की कुंजी है।
2. She celebrated her success with friends.
उसने अपने दोस्तों के साथ सफलता का जश्न मनाया।
3. Success requires patience and dedication.
सफलता के लिए धैर्य और समर्पण जरूरी है।
4. Failure is a step toward success.
असफलता सफलता की ओर एक कदम है।
5. Define your own success.
अपनी सफलता खुद तय करो।
4. Believe – विश्वास करना
1. Believe in yourself.
खुद पर विश्वास करो।
2. I believe everything happens for a reason.
मुझे विश्वास है कि सब कुछ किसी कारण से होता है।
3. Do you believe in miracles?
क्या तुम चमत्कारों में विश्वास करते हो?
4. She believes in hard work.
वह कड़ी मेहनत में विश्वास करती है।
5. Believe that you can do it.
विश्वास रखो कि तुम यह कर सकते हो।
5. Joy – आनंद / खुशी
1. Her smile spread joy to everyone.
उसकी मुस्कान ने सबको आनंदित कर दिया।
2. True joy comes from within.
सच्चा आनंद अंदर से आता है।
3. The festival was full of joy.
त्योहार खुशी से भरा हुआ था।
4. He danced with joy.
वह खुशी से नाचने लगा।
5. Joy multiplies when shared.
खुशी बांटने से बढ़ती है।
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6. Courage | साहस
1. Courage is not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it.
साहस डर की अनुपस्थिति नहीं, बल्कि उस पर विजय प्राप्त करना है।
2. It takes courage to follow your dreams.
अपने सपनों को पूरा करने के लिए साहस चाहिए।
3. Speak the truth, even if your voice shakes—this is true courage.
सच बोलो, चाहे तुम्हारी आवाज़ कांपे—यही असली साहस है।
4. Courage turns ordinary people into heroes.
साहस सामान्य लोगों को हीरो बना देता है।
5. Face your fears with courage, and they will disappear.
अपने डर का साहस से सामना करो, वे गायब हो जाएंगे।
7. Gratitude | कृतज्ञता / आभार
1. Gratitude changes ordinary moments into blessings.
कृतज्ञता साधारण पलों को भी आशीर्वाद में बदल देती है।
2. A grateful heart is a magnet for miracles.
एक आभारी दिल चमत्कारों को आकर्षित करता है।
3. Start your day with gratitude, and you'll feel happy all day.
अपने दिन की शुरुआत आभार के साथ करें, पूरा दिन खुशहाल रहेगा।
4. Gratitude brings peace to the soul.
कृतज्ञता आत्मा को शांति देती है।
5. Count your blessings, not your problems.
अपनी समस्याएं नहीं, अपने आशीर्वाद गिनें।
8. Inspire | प्रेरित करना
1. Be the reason someone feels inspired today.
किसी के प्रेरित होने की आज आप वजह बनें।
2. Your story can inspire others to never give up.
आपकी कहानी दूसरों को हार न मानने की प्रेरणा दे सकती है।
3. Inspired people create a positive world.
प्रेरित लोग एक सकारात्मक दुनिया बनाते हैं।
4. Live in a way that inspires others to dream big.
ऐसे जिएं कि लोग बड़े सपने देखने के लिए प्रेरित हों।
5. One act of kindness can inspire millions.
एक दयालु कार्य लाखों को प्रेरित कर सकता है।
9. Growth | विकास
1. Growth begins when you step out of your comfort zone.
विकास तब शुरू होता है जब आप अपने आराम क्षेत्र से बाहर निकलते हैं।
2. Every mistake is a lesson for growth.
हर गलती विकास का एक सबक होती है।
3. Keep learning—growth never stops.
सीखते रहो—विकास कभी नहीं रुकता।
4. Embrace challenges—they lead to growth.
चुनौतियों को अपनाएं—वे विकास की राह हैं।
5. Your mindset determines your growth.
आपकी सोच ही आपके विकास को तय करती है।
10. Peace | शांति
1. True peace comes from within.
सच्ची शांति भीतर से आती है।
2. Let go of anger to find peace.
क्रोध छोड़ो और शांति पाओ।
3. Peace is more valuable than temporary success.
शांति अस्थायी सफलता से अधिक कीमती है।
4. Meditation brings peace to the heart and mind.
ध्यान दिल और दिमाग में शांति लाता है।
5. Choose peace over pressure.
दबाव की जगह शांति को चुनें।
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Day 2
"My Hobby – Swimming"
Introduction, Main Body, and Conclusion:
My Hobby – Swimming
Introduction:
Everyone has a hobby that refreshes their mind and body. My favorite hobby is swimming. It is not just a way to stay fit but also a great source of joy and relaxation for me. I developed this hobby during my school days and it has now become an important part of my life.
Main Body:
Swimming is a complete exercise that keeps both body and mind healthy. It improves stamina, strengthens muscles, and increases lung capacity. I usually go swimming in the early morning or during weekends at the local sports complex. The cool water relaxes me and gives a fresh start to the day.
What I love most about swimming is that it gives me a sense of freedom. When I swim, I forget all my worries and feel very light. It also helps me stay disciplined, as I have to maintain a regular routine and follow safety rules.
Apart from physical benefits, swimming also improves concentration and reduces stress. It is a life skill that can be very helpful in emergencies too.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, swimming is not just a hobby for me, it is a passion. It makes me healthy, happy, and confident. I believe everyone should have at least one hobby that keeps them mentally and physically active. For me, swimming is that hobby, and I hope to continue it for a lifetime.
परिचय:
हर किसी की कोई न कोई पसंदीदा हॉबी होती है, जो मन और शरीर को तरोताज़ा कर देती है। मेरी पसंदीदा हॉबी तैराकी (स्विमिंग) है। यह न केवल फिट रहने का एक अच्छा तरीका है, बल्कि मेरे लिए आनंद और सुकून का भी एक बेहतरीन स्रोत है। मुझे यह हॉबी स्कूल के दिनों में लगी और अब यह मेरे जीवन का एक अहम हिस्सा बन चुकी है।
मुख्य भाग:
तैराकी एक सम्पूर्ण व्यायाम है जो शरीर और मन दोनों को स्वस्थ रखती है। इससे सहनशक्ति बढ़ती है, मांसपेशियाँ मजबूत होती हैं और फेफड़ों की क्षमता में सुधार होता है। मैं आमतौर पर सुबह जल्दी या सप्ताहांत में स्थानीय खेल परिसर (स्पोर्ट्स कॉम्प्लेक्स) में तैरने जाता हूँ। ठंडा पानी मुझे सुकून देता है और दिन की एक ताज़ा शुरुआत होती है।
तैराकी की जो बात मुझे सबसे अच्छी लगती है, वह है इसका आज़ादी का एहसास। जब मैं तैरता हूँ, तो सारी चिंताएँ भूल जाता हूँ और बहुत हल्का महसूस करता हूँ। यह हॉबी मुझे अनुशासित भी बनाती है, क्योंकि मुझे नियमित दिनचर्या का पालन करना होता है और सुरक्षा नियमों का भी ध्यान रखना पड़ता है।
शारीरिक लाभों के अलावा, तैराकी एकाग्रता बढ़ाने और तनाव कम करने में भी मदद करती है। यह एक जीवन कौशल भी है जो आपातकालीन परिस्थितियों में बेहद उपयोगी साबित हो सकता है।
निष्कर्ष:
अंत में, तैराकी मेरे लिए केवल एक हॉबी नहीं, बल्कि एक जुनून है। यह मुझे स्वस्थ, खुश और आत्मविश्वासी बनाती है। मैं मानता हूँ कि हर किसी को कम से कम एक ऐसी हॉबी ज़रूर अपनानी चाहिए जो मानसिक और शारीरिक रूप से सक्रिय बनाए रखे। मेरे लिए तैराकी वही हॉबी है, जिसे मैं जीवन भर जारी रखना चाहता हूँ।
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Essay Topics :
1. The importance of time management in Student Life.
2. My Role Model
3. Social Media: Boon or Bane
4. Online education: Challenges and opportunities
5. My hobby and it's Benefits
6. Climate change and our Responsibility
7. Discipline : The key to success
8. Books our my Best Friends
The importance of time management in Student Life.
Introduction:
Time is one of the most valuable resources in a student’s life. Proper time management means planning and organizing how to divide your time among various tasks. For students, it is especially important because their academic success and personal growth depend on how well they manage their time.
Main Body:
Time management helps students balance their studies, hobbies, health, and social life. A well-planned schedule allows them to complete homework, prepare for exams, and participate in extracurricular activities without feeling stressed. It also improves concentration and helps avoid last-minute cramming ( रटाई करना ) and panic.
Students who manage their time effectively are more confident and organized. They set goals, prioritize tasks, and develop a disciplined lifestyle. This habit not only helps them perform better in school but also prepares them for future responsibilities in college and work life.
On the other hand, poor time management leads to procrastination, stress, and low academic performance. Students may miss deadlines, forget important tasks, or feel overwhelmed by pressure.( दबाव से घबराना या दबाव मे आकर परेशान हो जाना.)
Conclusion:
In conclusion, time management is a key life skill every student must develop. It helps in achieving goals, reducing stress, and making the most of student life. By learning to manage time wisely, students can improve both their academic performance and overall personality. It is rightly said, "Time lost is never found again," so every student should use time as wisely as possible.
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DAY 3 ( 16TH APRIL )
My Role Model
A role model is someone who inspires us to become better and shows us the path to success through their words and actions. My role model is Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the former President of India and a great scientist. He is an epitome of simplicity, dedication, and hard work. Despite coming from a humble background, he rose to the highest position in the country through sheer determination and vision.
Dr. Kalam’s life teaches us that no dream is too big if we are willing to work for it. His contributions to India’s missile and space programs earned him the title “Missile Man of India.” Even after achieving so much, he remained grounded and always emphasized the importance of education, especially for the youth.
What I admire most about him is his love for students and his passion for teaching. He always believed that young minds are the real strength of a nation. His speeches and books like “Wings of Fire” and “Ignited Minds” continue to motivate millions across the world.
He taught me that success is not about money or fame, but about making a difference in the lives of others. His life is a perfect example of how one can serve the nation selflessly and live with integrity and purpose.
Dr. Kalam is not just a role model for me but for the entire generation. He inspires me to dream big, work hard, and remain humble. I aspire to follow his path and contribute meaningfully to society.
सोशल मीडिया: वरदान या अभिशाप
आज के डिजिटल युग में सोशल मीडिया हमारे जीवन का एक अहम हिस्सा बन चुका है। यह न केवल लोगों को जोड़ता है, बल्कि जानकारी फैलाने और अपने विचार व्यक्त करने का एक सशक्त माध्यम भी है। लेकिन हर शक्तिशाली उपकरण की तरह सोशल मीडिया के भी दोनों पहलू हैं — यह वरदान भी है और अभिशाप भी।
सबसे पहले इसके सकारात्मक पक्ष की बात करें तो सोशल मीडिया ने दुनिया को एक "ग्लोबल विलेज" में बदल दिया है। हम अपने मित्रों और परिवार से जुड़े रह सकते हैं, चाहे वे दुनिया के किसी भी कोने में हों। यह शिक्षा, व्यापार, जागरूकता और मनोरंजन के क्षेत्र में भी अहम भूमिका निभाता है। कई छोटे व्यवसाय सोशल मीडिया के माध्यम से तेजी से आगे बढ़ रहे हैं।
लेकिन इसके नकारात्मक प्रभाव भी कम नहीं हैं। सोशल मीडिया की लत युवाओं को वास्तविक जीवन से दूर कर रही है। समय की बर्बादी, तनाव, ईर्ष्या, डिप्रेशन जैसी मानसिक समस्याएं बढ़ रही हैं। फेक न्यूज़, साइबरबुलिंग और गोपनीयता भंग होना भी बड़ी चुनौतियाँ हैं। युवा वर्ग अक्सर सोशल मीडिया पर दिखाए जाने वाले झूठे दिखावे से प्रभावित होकर असंतुष्ट हो जाते हैं।
अतः यह कहना उचित होगा कि सोशल मीडिया का उपयोग यदि सीमित और जिम्मेदारी से किया जाए, तो यह वरदान बन सकता है। लेकिन यदि इसका दुरुपयोग हो, तो यह निश्चित ही अभिशाप बन जाता है।
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Social Media: Boon or Bane
Social media has become an inseparable part of our lives in the digital age. It connects people globally, spreads information quickly, and provides a platform for self-expression. However, like every powerful tool, social media comes with both advantages and disadvantages, making it both a boon and a bane.
On the positive side, social media is a great source of communication. It helps people stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are in the world. It also plays a crucial role in spreading awareness about social issues, education, and even during emergencies. Many businesses use platforms like Instagram and Facebook for marketing and reaching a wider audience. For students and professionals, LinkedIn and YouTube offer learning opportunities and career growth.
However, the negative effects cannot be ignored. Excessive use of social media leads to addiction, affecting mental health and reducing real-life social interactions. People often compare their lives with others, which results in stress and anxiety. Moreover, the spread of fake news, cyberbullying, and data privacy issues are major concerns. Young minds are especially vulnerable to the unrealistic portrayals of life seen on these platforms.
In conclusion, social media is a powerful tool. Whether it is a boon or a bane depends entirely on how we use it. Responsible and limited use of social media can make it a blessing, while overuse and misuse can turn it into a curse. It's up to us to strike the right balance.
सोशल मीडिया: वरदान या अभिशाप
आज के डिजिटल युग में सोशल मीडिया हमारे जीवन का एक अहम हिस्सा बन चुका है। यह न केवल लोगों को जोड़ता है, बल्कि जानकारी फैलाने और अपने विचार व्यक्त करने का एक सशक्त माध्यम भी है। लेकिन हर शक्तिशाली उपकरण की तरह सोशल मीडिया के भी दोनों पहलू हैं — यह वरदान भी है और अभिशाप भी।
सबसे पहले इसके सकारात्मक पक्ष की बात करें तो सोशल मीडिया ने दुनिया को एक "ग्लोबल विलेज" में बदल दिया है। हम अपने मित्रों और परिवार से जुड़े रह सकते हैं, चाहे वे दुनिया के किसी भी कोने में हों। यह शिक्षा, व्यापार, जागरूकता और मनोरंजन के क्षेत्र में भी अहम भूमिका निभाता है। कई छोटे व्यवसाय सोशल मीडिया के माध्यम से तेजी से आगे बढ़ रहे हैं।
लेकिन इसके नकारात्मक प्रभाव भी कम नहीं हैं। सोशल मीडिया की लत युवाओं को वास्तविक जीवन से दूर कर रही है। समय की बर्बादी, तनाव, ईर्ष्या, डिप्रेशन जैसी मानसिक समस्याएं बढ़ रही हैं। फेक न्यूज़, साइबरबुलिंग और गोपनीयता भंग होना भी बड़ी चुनौतियाँ हैं। युवा वर्ग अक्सर सोशल मीडिया पर दिखाए जाने वाले झूठे दिखावे से प्रभावित होकर असंतुष्ट हो जाते हैं।
अतः यह कहना उचित होगा कि सोशल मीडिया का उपयोग यदि सीमित और जिम्मेदारी से किया जाए, तो यह वरदान बन सकता है। लेकिन यदि इसका दुरुपयोग हो, तो यह निश्चित ही अभिशाप बन जाता है।
Day 4 ( 17th April )
Online Education: Challenges & Opportunities
(Word count: 250)
Online education has transformed the landscape ( नजारा / दृष्य ) of learning across the globe. With the rise of digital platforms, education has become more accessible and flexible, allowing students to learn at their own pace and from the comfort of their homes.
One of the biggest opportunities in online education is its reach. Students from remote areas can now access world-class courses and expert teachers. It also offers cost-effective learning, saving time and money on travel and accommodation. Online platforms often include interactive tools, videos, quizzes, and forums that enhance engagement and understanding. Additionally, working professionals can upskill themselves without leaving their jobs.
However, there are several challenges. The biggest concern is the lack of personal interaction. Face-to-face communication, peer discussions, and on-campus experiences are often missing. Technical issues, like poor internet connectivity, can disrupt the learning process, especially in rural or underdeveloped areas. Another challenge is self-discipline — many learners struggle to stay motivated without the structure of a physical classroom. Also, practical or hands-on subjects are difficult to teach effectively online.
In conclusion, online education presents a powerful tool to democratize learning, but it must be blended with effective strategies, technological support, and human connection to overcome its limitations. A balanced approach combining online and offline methods can make education more inclusive and impactful.
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ऑनलाइन शिक्षा: चुनौतियाँ और अवसर
(शब्द संख्या: 250)
ऑनलाइन शिक्षा ने दुनिया भर में शिक्षा के स्वरूप को पूरी तरह बदल दिया है। डिजिटल प्लेटफॉर्म्स के माध्यम से शिक्षा अब अधिक सुलभ और लचीली हो गई है, जिससे छात्र अपनी गति से और घर बैठे पढ़ाई कर सकते हैं।
ऑनलाइन शिक्षा का सबसे बड़ा अवसर इसकी पहुंच है। दूरदराज़ के क्षेत्रों के छात्र अब विश्व-स्तरीय कोर्स और विशेषज्ञ शिक्षकों से जुड़ सकते हैं। यह कम लागत में शिक्षा प्राप्त करने का साधन है, जिससे यात्रा और रहने के खर्च की बचत होती है। ऑनलाइन प्लेटफॉर्म्स पर इंटरएक्टिव टूल्स, वीडियो, क्विज़ और चर्चा मंच जैसी सुविधाएं उपलब्ध हैं, जो सीखने को रोचक बनाती हैं। कामकाजी लोग भी बिना नौकरी छोड़े नए कौशल सीख सकते हैं।
हालांकि, कई चुनौतियाँ भी हैं। सबसे बड़ी समस्या है सीधे संवाद की कमी। आमने-सामने की बातचीत, साथियों के साथ चर्चा और परिसर का अनुभव ऑनलाइन माध्यम में नहीं मिल पाता। तकनीकी समस्याएं, जैसे खराब इंटरनेट कनेक्शन, विशेष रूप से ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में सीखने में बाधा बनती हैं। इसके अलावा, आत्म-अनुशासन की कमी भी एक बड़ी चुनौती है — बिना कक्षा की संरचना के कई छात्र अपनी पढ़ाई में नियमित नहीं रह पाते। व्यावहारिक विषयों को ऑनलाइन प्रभावी ढंग से सिखाना भी कठिन होता है।
निष्कर्षतः ऑनलाइन शिक्षा एक क्रांतिकारी कदम है, लेकिन इसकी सीमाओं को दूर करने के लिए तकनीकी सहायता, प्रभावी रणनीतियाँ और मानवीय संपर्क की आवश्यकता है। ऑनलाइन और ऑफलाइन शिक्षा का संतुलन ही इसका भविष्य है।
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16th April ...Amina took class.
17/18 ...Gap
19th April
Here’s a 300-word article on:
How to Grow Your Memory, Expand Your Vocabulary, and Become a Powerful Orator
Becoming a powerful orator begins with two core skills: a sharp memory and a rich vocabulary. These are the tools that fuel your confidence, clarity, and command on stage or in conversation.
1. Grow Your Memory:
Grow your memory, focus on mental exercise, association, and repetition.
Practice visualization: When you hear a new concept, visualize it, as an image. The brain remembers visuals better than plain words.
Chunking method: Break large information into smaller, meaningful chunks.
Use memory techniques: Try mind maps, mnemonic devices, or the Loci method (associating things with physical locations in your mind).
Daily brain workouts: Solve puzzles, read books, or play memory-enhancing games.
Good sleep & diet: A healthy brain needs quality rest and proper nutrition.
2. Grow Your Vocabulary:
A strong vocabulary gives you the power to express yourself precisely and powerfully.
Learn 3–5 new words daily and use them in your writing and speech.
Read widely: Books, newspapers, and magazines expose you to different styles and words.
Keep a vocabulary journal and review it regularly.
Use vocabulary apps like Anki or Quizlet for spaced repetition.
3. Become a Powerful Orator:
Oratory is an art built on clarity, connection, and conviction.
Practice speaking aloud daily—record yourself and improve your tone and pace.
Study great speakers like Martin Luther King Jr., Obama, or your favorite leaders.
Join speaking clubs like Toastmasters or participate in debates.
Work on body language, eye contact, and voice modulation.
Conclusion:
Master your memory, build your vocabulary, and practice your speech. With time, consistency, and passion, you’ll evolve into a powerful orator who speaks with impact and confidence.
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कैसे बढ़ाएं अपनी स्मरण शक्ति, शब्दावली और बनें एक प्रभावशाली वक्ता
एक प्रभावशाली वक्ता (Powerful Orator) बनने के लिए दो चीजें सबसे ज़रूरी होती हैं – तेज स्मरण शक्ति और समृद्ध शब्दावली। यही दोनों तत्व आपके आत्मविश्वास और प्रभाव को मज़बूती देते हैं।
1. स्मरण शक्ति कैसे बढ़ाएं:
अच्छी मेमोरी के लिए ज़रूरी है – मानसिक अभ्यास, जुड़ाव और दोहराव।
कल्पना कीजिए: जब आप कुछ नया सीखें, तो उसे तस्वीर की तरह अपने मन में देखें। दिमाग चित्रों को बेहतर याद रखता है।
चंकिंग तकनीक: बड़ी जानकारी को छोटे-छोटे हिस्सों में बाँटिए।
मेमोरी टूल्स अपनाएं: माईंड मैप, म्यूमोनिक डिवाइस, या लोकी मेथड (स्थानों से जुड़ाव) का प्रयोग करें।
दिमागी कसरत: पहेलियाँ सुलझाएं, किताबें पढ़ें, या मेमोरी गेम खेलें।
नींद और आहार: दिमाग को आराम और पोषण चाहिए।
2. शब्दावली कैसे बढ़ाएं:
मजबूत शब्दावली आपको सटीक और प्रभावशाली बोलने की ताकत देती है।
हर दिन 3-5 नए शब्द सीखें और उन्हें बोलचाल में प्रयोग करें।
अधिक पढ़ें: किताबें, समाचार पत्र, और लेख पढ़ें।
शब्दों की डायरी बनाएं और समय-समय पर दोहराएं।
वोकैब ऐप्स जैसे Anki या Quizlet का उपयोग करें।
3. प्रभावशाली वक्ता कैसे बनें:
वक्तृत्व एक कला है जिसमें स्पष्टता, जुड़ाव और आत्मविश्वास ज़रूरी है।
रोज़ बोलने का अभ्यास करें, खुद को रिकॉर्ड करें और सुधारें।
प्रसिद्ध वक्ताओं को सुनें और उनसे प्रेरणा लें।
स्पीकिंग क्लब्स जैसे Toastmasters से जुड़ें।
बॉडी लैंग्वेज, आँखों का संपर्क और आवाज़ के उतार-चढ़ाव पर काम करें।
निष्कर्ष:
स्मरण शक्ति को तेज़ करें, शब्दों का खजाना बढ़ाएं और नियमित अभ्यास करें। धीरे-धीरे आप एक ऐसे प्रभावशाली वक्ता बन जाएंगे जिसकी बातों में दम और असर दोनों होगा।
मेरी शुभकामनाये।
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Climate Change and Our Responsibility
Climate change is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity today. It refers to long-term alterations in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other elements of the Earth's climate system.
The primary cause of modern climate change is the increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, mainly due to human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions.
The impacts of climate change are already visible around us—rising global temperatures, melting glaciers, extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and disrupted ecosystems. These changes not only threaten the environment but also human health, food security, and global economies. Poor and vulnerable communities are especially at risk, making climate change a matter of social justice as well.
Our Responsibility as Global Citizens
1. Awareness and Education:
The first step is awareness. Every individual must educate themselves and others about the causes and consequences of climate change. Schools, communities, and media have a vital role in spreading this knowledge.
2. Reducing Carbon Footprint:
We can take everyday actions to reduce our personal carbon emissions:
Use public transport, walk, or cycle instead of driving alone.
Switch to renewable energy sources where possible.
Turn off lights and appliances when not in use.
Support energy-efficient products and technologies.
3. Sustainable Lifestyle Choices:
Adopting a sustainable lifestyle includes:
Reducing waste and reusing/recycling materials.
Choosing local and seasonal food to reduce transportation emissions.
Reducing meat consumption, especially beef, which has a high carbon footprint.
4. Support Policy and Innovation:
Citizens should support governments and companies that prioritize climate-friendly policies. Investing in green technology, clean energy, and sustainable practices is essential for long-term solutions.
5. Planting and Protecting Trees:
Trees absorb carbon dioxide and provide oxygen. By planting trees and protecting forests, we can help restore balance in the atmosphere.
6. Holding Businesses Accountable:
Large corporations contribute significantly to pollution and greenhouse emissions. Consumers have the power to demand transparency and environmentally responsible behavior from brands.
Conclusion
Climate change is no longer a distant threat—it is a current reality. We are all responsible for contributing to the problem, and therefore, we must all be part of the solution. While the challenge is global, change begins at the individual level. Every action counts, no matter how small. Together, with awareness, effort, and responsibility, we can slow down the pace of climate change and protect our planet for future generations.
Let’s not wait for others to act. The time to take responsibility is now—for our earth, our children, and the generations to come.
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Discipline: The Key to Success
Discipline is the bridge between goals and achievement. It is the ability to control one’s actions, emotions, and desires, and to consistently work towards a purpose without getting distracted or giving up. Whether in studies, career, business, or personal life—discipline plays a vital role in turning dreams into reality.
A disciplined person follows a routine, respects time
A disciplined person follows a routine, respects time, and stays committed to their responsibilities. They do what needs to be done, even when they don’t feel like doing it. That’s what separates successful people from those who merely wish for success. Talent and intelligence are important, but without discipline, they go to waste.
For example, a student who studies daily, instead of cramming the night before an exam, is more likely to succeed. An entrepreneur who follows a strict schedule, meets people regularly, and takes consistent actions is more likely to grow their business. In sports, it’s not just the most talented player who wins—it’s the one who trains hard with discipline every day.
Discipline builds self-confidence
Discipline also builds self-confidence. When you consistently achieve small goals, your belief in yourself grows. You develop better focus, better habits, and a stronger mindset.
Moreover, discipline is not about being harsh or strict with yourself. It’s about loving your future enough to take responsibility in the present. It means saying ‘no’ to short-term pleasures in order to achieve long-term goals.
Conclusion:
Discipline is not something you're born with—it’s something you develop. The more you practice it, the stronger it gets. If you want to succeed in life, then discipline is not optional—it is essential. It is truly the master key that opens the door to success, fulfillment, and personal excellence.
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अनुशासन: सफलता की कुंजी
अनुशासन लक्ष्य और सफलता के बीच की कड़ी है। यह स्वयं को नियंत्रित करने की कला है—अपने विचारों, भावनाओं और कार्यों पर नियंत्रण रखते हुए, लगातार अपने लक्ष्य की ओर बढ़ते रहना। पढ़ाई हो, व्यवसाय, करियर या व्यक्तिगत जीवन—हर क्षेत्र में अनुशासन ही सपनों को साकार करता है।
अनुशासित व्यक्ति समय का सम्मान करता है, दिनचर्या का पालन करता है
अनुशासित व्यक्ति समय का सम्मान करता है, दिनचर्या का पालन करता है और अपनी जिम्मेदारियों को गंभीरता से निभाता है। वह वह काम भी करता है, जिसे करने का मन न हो, लेकिन जो जरूरी हो। यही आदत सफलता की दिशा तय करती है। प्रतिभा और बुद्धिमत्ता महत्वपूर्ण हैं, लेकिन बिना अनुशासन के वे व्यर्थ हो जाती हैं।
उदाहरण के लिए, एक छात्र जो रोज़ पढ़ाई करता है, उसकी सफलता की संभावना उस छात्र से कहीं अधिक होती है जो आखिरी रात में रटने की कोशिश करता है। एक उद्यमी जो प्रतिदिन लक्ष्य पर काम करता है, समय पर बैठकें करता है, और कार्य में निरंतरता रखता है—वह तेजी से तरक्की करता है। खेलों में भी केवल प्रतिभा नहीं, बल्कि निरंतर अभ्यास और अनुशासन से खिलाड़ी विजेता बनता है।
अनुशासन आत्मविश्वास भी बढ़ाता है
अनुशासन आत्मविश्वास भी बढ़ाता है। जब हम छोटे-छोटे लक्ष्यों को पूरा करते हैं, तो खुद पर विश्वास बढ़ता है, और हमारी आदतें मजबूत होती हैं।
महत्वपूर्ण बात यह है कि अनुशासन कठोरता नहीं है, बल्कि यह अपने भविष्य से प्रेम का प्रतीक है—जहाँ हम अपने आज पर नियंत्रण रखते हैं, ताकि कल बेहतर बना सकें।
निष्कर्ष:
अनुशासन जन्मजात नहीं होता, बल्कि अभ्यास से विकसित होता है। यह सफलता की अनिवार्य सीढ़ी है। अगर आप जीवन में ऊँचाइयाँ छूना चाहते हैं, तो अनुशासन को अपनी आदत बना लीजिए—यह वास्तव में सफलता की असली कुंजी है।
मेरी शुभकामनाये।
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Books Are My Best Friends
Books have always been my best friends. They are loyal, honest, wise, and always available when I need them. Unlike people, they never judge, never demand, and never leave. Whether I’m feeling happy, lonely, confused, or curious—books are always there to guide, entertain, and comfort me.
A good book can transport you to another world. It can make you laugh, cry, dream, and think deeply. From fairy tales and fiction to biographies and self-help, every book offers something unique. They broaden our imagination and give us new perspectives about life, people, and the world.
Books have taught me valuable lessons that even people couldn’t. They have taught me about courage through stories of heroes, about kindness through tales of compassion, and about strength through journeys of struggle and success. Every book I read becomes a silent teacher and leaves a lasting impact on my mind.
Reading books also helps improve vocabulary, thinking power, and communication skills. The more I read, the more confident I become in expressing myself. Books keep my mind active, fresh, and creative.
In today’s digital age, many people are glued to their phones and screens, forgetting the magic of reading a physical book. But for me, the smell of paper, the turning of pages, and the quiet company of a book is unmatched.
Conclusion:
Books are not just a source of knowledge, they are emotional companions. They inspire us to grow, learn, and dream bigger. While friends may come and go, books stay forever. That’s why I proudly say—Books are my best friends. They have shaped who I am and continue to shape who I am becoming.
अनुशासन: सफलता की कुंजी
अनुशासन लक्ष्य और सफलता के बीच की कड़ी है। यह स्वयं को नियंत्रित करने की कला है—अपने विचारों, भावनाओं और कार्यों पर नियंत्रण रखते हुए, लगातार अपने लक्ष्य की ओर बढ़ते रहना। पढ़ाई हो, व्यवसाय, करियर या व्यक्तिगत जीवन—हर क्षेत्र में अनुशासन ही सपनों को साकार करता है।
अनुशासित व्यक्ति समय का सम्मान करता है, दिनचर्या का पालन करता है और अपनी जिम्मेदारियों को गंभीरता से निभाता है। वह वह काम भी करता है, जिसे करने का मन न हो, लेकिन जो जरूरी हो। यही आदत सफलता की दिशा तय करती है। प्रतिभा और बुद्धिमत्ता महत्वपूर्ण हैं, लेकिन बिना अनुशासन के वे व्यर्थ हो जाती हैं।
उदाहरण के लिए, एक छात्र जो रोज़ पढ़ाई करता है, उसकी सफलता की संभावना उस छात्र से कहीं अधिक होती है जो आखिरी रात में रटने की कोशिश करता है। एक उद्यमी जो प्रतिदिन लक्ष्य पर काम करता है, समय पर बैठकें करता है, और कार्य में निरंतरता रखता है—वह तेजी से तरक्की करता है। खेलों में भी केवल प्रतिभा नहीं, बल्कि निरंतर अभ्यास और अनुशासन से खिलाड़ी विजेता बनता है।
अनुशासन आत्मविश्वास भी बढ़ाता है। जब हम छोटे-छोटे लक्ष्यों को पूरा करते हैं, तो खुद पर विश्वास बढ़ता है, और हमारी आदतें मजबूत होती हैं।
महत्वपूर्ण बात यह है कि अनुशासन कठोरता नहीं है, बल्कि यह अपने भविष्य से प्रेम का प्रतीक है—जहाँ हम अपने आज पर नियंत्रण रखते हैं, ताकि कल बेहतर बना सकें।
निष्कर्ष :
अनुशासन जन्मजात नहीं होता, बल्कि अभ्यास से विकसित होता है। यह सफलता की अनिवार्य सीढ़ी है। अगर आप जीवन में ऊँचाइयाँ छूना चाहते हैं, तो अनुशासन को अपनी आदत बना लीजिए—यह वास्तव में सफलता की असली कुंजी है।
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Student Role play & Practise
Good morning to the respected Principal, teachers, and my dear friends.
It is truly an honor for me to stand before you all today. I feel privileged to get this opportunity to share my thoughts on this special occasion. As students, gatherings like this give us a chance to express ourselves, learn from one another, and grow together. I promise to keep my words short and meaningful. I hope my message today adds value and inspires someone in the audience. So, without further delay, let me begin by sharing what I have prepared for you all.
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सुप्रभात आदरणीय प्रधानाचार्य महोदय, शिक्षकगण और मेरे प्यारे साथियों।
आज इस विशेष अवसर पर आप सभी के सामने बोलने का अवसर पाकर मैं स्वयं को गौरवान्वित महसूस कर रहा/रही हूँ। इस प्रकार के कार्यक्रम हमें अपने विचार व्यक्त करने और एक-दूसरे से सीखने का सुंदर मौका देते हैं। मैं कोशिश करूंगा/करूंगी कि अपने शब्दों को संक्षिप्त और सार्थक रखूं। मुझे आशा है कि मेरी बातों से आप में से किसी को प्रेरणा मिलेगी। तो बिना समय गवाएं, मैं अपनी बात आपके समक्ष प्रस्तुत करना चाहूंगा/चाहूंगी।
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Application & Letter Writing
Application for Sick Leave for 3 Days
To
The Principal,
[Your School/College Name],
[City Name].
Subject: Application for Sick Leave for 3 Days
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am [Your Full Name], a student of class [Your Class and Section]. I am writing to inform you that I have been suffering from fever and weakness since yesterday. The doctor has advised me to take complete rest for a few days.
Therefore, I kindly request you to grant me sick leave for 3 days (from [Start Date] to [End Date]). I shall be grateful to you for your kind consideration.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently,
[Your Name]
[Class & Roll Number]
[Date]
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Subject: Application for Leave Due to Family Emergency
To
The Principal,
[Your School/College Name],
[City Name].
Subject: Application for Leave Due to Family Emergency
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am [Your Full Name], a student of Class [Your Class and Section]. I am writing to inform you that I am facing an urgent family emergency at home, due to which I will not be able to attend school for a few days.
Therefore, I kindly request you to grant me leave for 1 week (from [Start Date] to [End Date]). I assure you that I will complete all missed lessons and assignments after returning.
I shall be grateful for your kind consideration.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently,
[Your Name]
[Class & Roll Number]
[Date]
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Subject: Application for Fee Concession
To
The Principal,
[Your School/College Name],
[City Name].
Subject: Application for Fee Concession
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am [Your Full Name], a student of Class [Your Class and Section]. I belong to a financially weak family, and it has become difficult for my parents to pay the full school fee.
I am a sincere and hardworking student, and I have always tried to maintain good academic performance. I request you to kindly grant me a fee concession so that I can continue my studies without any financial burden.
I shall be highly obliged for your support and understanding.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently,
[Your Name]
[Class & Roll Number]
Here is a formal Application for Migration Certificate in both English and Hindi:
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In English
To
The Principal,
[Your School/College Name],
[City Name].
Subject: Application for Migration Certificate
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am [Your Full Name], a student of Class [Your Class & Stream, e.g., 12th Science], Roll Number [Your Roll No.]. I have successfully completed my studies at your esteemed institution.
As I am taking admission in another institution for higher studies, I kindly request you to issue me a Migration Certificate at the earliest. I have returned all library books and cleared my dues.
I shall be thankful for your kind cooperation.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently,
[Your Name]
[Class & Section]
[Date]
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Here's a complete Class 12 CBSE English Grammar Course Outline based on the latest syllabus. This will help students master essential grammar topics for board exams and competitive tests:
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CBSE Class 12 English Grammar Syllabus
1. Determiners
Types: Articles, Quantifiers, Demonstratives, Possessives
Use in context-based sentences
2. Tenses
Present, Past, Future (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous)
Tense consistency in passage and sentence correction
3. Subject-Verb Concord (Agreement)
Rules of agreement based on subject type
Common errors and correction
4. Modals
Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Shall, Should, Will, Would, Need, Dare, Ought to
Expressing ability, possibility, necessity, advice, obligation, etc.
5. Voice (Active and Passive)
Rules for changing voice in different tenses
Voice in imperative, interrogative, and modal sentences
6. Reported Speech (Narration)
Direct and Indirect Speech
Reporting statements, questions, commands, requests, and exclamations
7. Clauses
Noun clauses, Adjective clauses, Adverbial clauses
Use in complex sentence structures
8. Prepositions
Types: Simple, Compound, Phrase Prepositions
Prepositions of time, place, direction, cause
9. Editing and Omission
Error correction in a given passage
Omission practice based on grammar concepts
10. Transformation of Sentences
Active/Passive
Direct/Indirect
Degrees of Comparison
Simple-Compound-Complex sentences
Conditional Sentences
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What is a Determiner? (Class 12 - CBSE)
Definition:
A determiner is a word placed before a noun to specify quantity, identity, possession, or definiteness.
Types of Determiners
1. Articles – a, an, the
2. Demonstratives – this, that, these, those
3. Possessives – my, your, his, her, its, our, their
4. Quantifiers – some, many, much, few, little, any, enough, all, several, etc.
5. Numbers – one, two, three, etc.
6. Distributives – each, every, either, neither
7. Interrogatives – what, which, whose (when used before a noun)
8. Exclamatory Determiners – what (e.g., What a day!)
30 Expected CBSE Class 12 Determiner Questions
Fill in the blanks with suitable determiners:
1. I have seen him ____ times before. (some/much/many)
2. He has invited ____ of his classmates. (each/every/all)
3. There isn’t ____ milk left in the jug. (some/any/many)
4. Please take ____ seat you like. (any/either/some)
5. He lost ____ hope after the accident. (few/little/a little)
6. ____ students passed the test with flying colors. (Most/All/Each)
7. ____ of the answers was incorrect. (Neither/Each/Both)
8. ____ of these pens is yours? (Which/What/Whose)
9. ____ girl was given a gift. (Every/All/Each)
10. There are only ____ apples in the basket. (few/a few/the few)
Identify and correct the wrong determiners:
11. He ate a few rice for dinner.
12. These kind of flowers bloom in spring.
13. She doesn’t have many sugar left.
14. I met the few boys at the park.
15. He didn’t make any mistakes, isn’t it?
Answers:
11. He ate a few rice for dinner.
Correction: He ate a little rice for dinner.
Explanation: "Rice" is an uncountable noun, so we use "a little" instead of "a few" which is for countable nouns.
12. These kind of flowers bloom in spring.
Correction: This kind of flower blooms in spring.
Alternative Correction: These kinds of flowers bloom in spring.
Explanation: Use "this kind" for singular or "these kinds" for plural. "Kind" is singular; "kinds" is plural.
13. She doesn’t have many sugar left.
Correction: She doesn’t have much sugar left.
Explanation: "Sugar" is uncountable, so "much" is the correct determiner, not "many."
14. I met the few boys at the park.
Correction: I met a few boys at the park.
Explanation: "A few" means some (positive), while "the few" is used when referring to a specific known small group. Here, it's general.
15. He didn’t make any mistakes, isn’t it?
Correction: He didn’t make any mistakes, did he?
Explanation: The question tag must match the auxiliary verb and polarity. Negative statement → positive tag: "did he."
Choose the correct determiner:
16. (Each/Every) student was given a certificate.
17. There is (much/many) noise in the classroom.
18. He spent (a few/a little) money on books.
19. I don’t have (some/any) information about the topic.
20. (Whose/Who’s) book is this on the table?
Answers :
16. (Each/Every) student was given a certificate.
Correct: Each
Explanation: "Each" is used when focusing on individuals in a group one by one.
17. There is (much/many) noise in the classroom.
Correct: Much
Explanation: "Noise" is uncountable, so we use "much."
18. He spent (a few/a little) money on books.
Correct: A little
Explanation: "Money" is uncountable, so "a little" is used.
19. I don’t have (some/any) information about the topic.
Correct: Any
Explanation: In negative sentences, we use "any" with uncountable nouns like "information."
20. (Whose/Who’s) book is this on the table?
Correct: Whose
Explanation: "Whose" shows possession. "Who’s" means "who is" or "who has."
Rewrite using correct determiners:
21. I don’t want no help.
22. This books are interesting.
23. I invited all of my friend.
24. He gave me every informations.
25. Each boys got a prize.
Answers :
21. I don’t want no help.
Correct: I don’t want any help.
Explanation: Double negatives are incorrect in standard English. Use "any" with negative sentences.
22. This books are interesting.
Correct: These books are interesting.
Explanation: Use "these" with plural nouns; "books" is plural.
23. I invited all of my friend.
Correct: I invited all of my friends.
Explanation: "All of" is used with plural countable nouns, so "friends" is correct.
24. He gave me every informations.
Correct: He gave me all the information.
Explanation: "Information" is uncountable; use "all the information", not "every informations."
25. Each boys got a prize.
Correct: Each boy got a prize.
Explanation: "Each" is followed by a singular noun: "boy."
Sentence Correction (Mixed Determiner Errors):
26. He has little friends in this city.
27. Much students failed the exam.
28. Each of the two girls were given a doll.
29. I didn’t see any peoples in the room.
30. The little students enjoyed the function.
Answers :
26. He has little friends in this city.
Correct: He has few friends in this city.
Explanation: "Friends" is countable, so use "few" (not "little", which is for uncountable nouns).
27. Much students failed the exam.
Correct: Many students failed the exam.
Explanation: "Students" is countable, so use "many", not "much".
28. Each of the two girls were given a doll.
Correct: Each of the two girls was given a doll.
Explanation: "Each" takes a singular verb, so use "was."
29. I didn’t see any peoples in the room.
Correct: I didn’t see any people in the room.
Explanation: "People" is already plural; "peoples" refers to ethnic groups and is incorrect here.
30. The little students enjoyed the function.
Correct: The few students enjoyed the function. (if referring to number)
OR The small students enjoyed the function. (if referring to size/age)
Explanation: Use "few" for number (if limited in quantity) or "small" for size/age. "Little" alone is ambiguous here.
Regards,
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Here are 30 important Determiner questions (including previous years' patterns and expected questions) for Class 12 CBSE, followed by a complete answer key at the end. These are helpful for grammar sections of English Core exams.
Class 12 CBSE – Determiners (30 Important Questions)
A. Fill in the blanks with suitable determiners (1 mark each):
1. He gave me ___ advice.
2. We haven’t received ___ letters this week.
3. Please give me ___ milk.
4. ___ of the candidates has cleared the exam.
5. ___ boys were present in the class today.
6. I have read ___ the books on this shelf.
7. There isn’t ___ sugar left in the jar.
8. ___ you like tea or coffee?
9. They bought ___ apples from the market.
10. ___ book on that shelf belongs to her.
B. Choose the correct determiner:
11. (Much/Many) students were absent yesterday.
12. There is (a little/a few) water in the bottle.
13. We didn’t have (any/some) money with us.
14. (All/Every) child needs love and care.
15. She spent (many/much) time on her project.
16. Do you have (any/some) idea about this?
17. (Either/Neither) of the two answers is correct.
18. I don’t want (no/any) help.
19. (Few/A few) people attended the seminar.
20. He solved (each/all) question carefully.
C. Error correction – Find the incorrect determiner and rewrite:
21. There were a little people in the park.
22. Each boys was carrying a bag.
23. He didn’t make much mistakes.
24. I met the few of his friends.
25. These kind of shirts are expensive.
D. Rewrite using correct determiners:
26. I haven’t got no friends here.
27. This books are very interesting.
28. Every of the students was present.
29. The little students were playing.
30. She has many money to spend.
Answer Key:
1. some 2. any 3. some 4. Each 5. Few
6. all 7. any 8. Would 9. some 10. Every
11. Many 12. a little 13. any 14. Every
15. much 16. any 17. Either 18. any
19. Few 20. each 21. a little → a few
22. Each boys → Each boy
23. much mistakes → many mistakes
24. the few of his friends → a few of his friends
25. These kind → This kind
26. no → any (I haven’t got any friends here.)
27. This books → These books
28. Every of the students → Each of the students
29. The little students → The few students (or Young students)
30. many money → much money
Regards
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Here are 30 context-based sentences using Determiners, aligned with the Class 12 CBSE Board Exam pattern. These sentences cover all types of determiners and are designed to reflect real exam-level usage:
30 Context-Based Sentences Using Determiners
1. Each student was given a certificate after the workshop.
2. Many people attended the motivational seminar last Sunday.
3. I don’t have any idea about the new project assigned.
4. She has little interest in politics.
5. This book is more interesting than the one you gave me.
6. I have visited several countries in the past few years.
7. Both answers are correct, so you’ll get full marks.
8. They took some water bottles with them on the trek.
9. Those shoes belong to my cousin.
10. I don’t see much improvement in his writing.
11. He owns a few houses in the city.
12. Every child must be vaccinated on time.
13. There wasn’t enough food for all the guests.
14. You can take either pen; both are new.
15. She solved all the questions correctly.
16. An honest person is trusted by everyone.
17. The moon looks beautiful tonight.
18. Another student was called to the stage.
19. Which book would you like to borrow?
20. He completed the task without any help.
21. There are only a few apples left in the fridge.
22. Much of what he said was true.
23. Some of the students were absent due to illness.
24. What a beautiful painting you made!
25. Neither answer is correct in this case.
26. We have invited all our relatives to the wedding.
27. Whose mobile phone is this on the desk?
28. I don't need this type of behavior in class.
29. There was no milk left in the container.
30. Most people prefer to travel by air nowadays.
Regards
