Here are some important questions commonly asked in Indian universities regarding Constitutional Law and the Federal System. These include short-answer, long-answer, and analytical questions that frequently appear in law exams, competitive exams, and university assessments.
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Part 1: Basic Concepts of Constitutional Law
Short Answer Questions
1. What is a Constitution, and why is it important?
2. Define the term constitutionalism.
3. What is the significance of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution?
4. Explain the concept of Rule of Law.
5. What do you mean by Separation of Powers?
Long Answer/Analytical Questions
6. Discuss the Salient Features of the Indian Constitution.
7. Explain the sources of the Indian Constitution.
8. Discuss the Basic Structure Doctrine as laid down in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973).
9. Compare Written and Unwritten Constitutions with examples.
10. Discuss the role of the Supreme Court as the guardian of the Constitution.
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Part 2: Federal System in India
Short Answer Questions
11. Define Federalism.
12. What are the essential features of a federal system?
13. How does Indian federalism differ from the U.S. federal system?
14. What is the meaning of Quasi-Federalism?
15. What is the Doctrine of Repugnancy under Article 254 of the Indian Constitution?
Long Answer/Analytical Questions
16. Explain the distribution of powers between the Union and State governments under the Indian Constitution.
17. What is the significance of Schedules VII and Article 246 in the Indian federal system?
18. Critically analyze the statement: "Indian Constitution establishes a Quasi-Federal structure".
19. Discuss the role of the Finance Commission in Centre-State financial relations.
20. What is the impact of GST on Indian federalism?
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Part 3: Constitutional Amendments and Judiciary
Short Answer Questions
21. What is the procedure for amending the Constitution under Article 368?
22. Define Judicial Review and its importance in India.
23. What is the significance of the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976?
24. Explain the concept of Parliamentary Sovereignty in India.
25. What do you mean by Judicial Activism?
Long Answer/Analytical Questions
26. Discuss the types of amendments under the Indian Constitution.
27. Analyze the role of the Supreme Court in interpreting the Constitution.
28. Discuss the evolution of Judicial Review in India with case laws.
29. Explain the Kesavananda Bharati Case and its impact on the Indian Constitution.
30. Critically examine the relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
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Part 4: Fundamental Rights and Duties
Short Answer Questions
31. What are Fundamental Rights, and why are they important?
32. Explain the significance of Article 14 (Right to Equality).
33. What is the difference between Article 19 and Article 21?
34. What are reasonable restrictions on Fundamental Rights?
35. What are Fundamental Duties, and where are they mentioned in the Constitution?
Long Answer/Analytical Questions
36. Discuss the Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Article 21) with landmark judgments.
37. Explain the Doctrine of Eclipse and Doctrine of Severability.
38. Compare Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
39. Discuss the impact of the Right to Privacy judgment (Puttaswamy Case, 2017).
40. Explain the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and High Courts under Articles 32 and 226.
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Part 5: Emergency Provisions in India
Short Answer Questions
41. What are the types of Emergency Provisions under the Indian Constitution?
42. Explain the significance of Article 352 (National Emergency).
43. What is President’s Rule (Article 356)?
44. What is the impact of emergency on Fundamental Rights?
45. Explain the 44th Amendment Act, 1978, and its impact on emergency powers.
Long Answer/Analytical Questions
46. Discuss the Emergency Provisions in the Indian Constitution and their impact on federalism.
47. Explain the Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain Case (1975) and its role in constitutional amendments.
48. Analyze the impact of the S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994) case on President’s Rule.
49. Compare the Emergency provisions in India and the USA.
50. Explain how the Indian Constitution balances individual liberty and national security during emergencies.
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Tips for Answering Constitutional Law Questions in Exams:
✔ Use case laws: Always support your answers with relevant Supreme Court judgments.
✔ Cite constitutional articles: Mention specific articles and amendments to strengthen your answer.
✔ Compare and analyze: Many questions require comparing Indian federalism with other countries.
✔ Structure your answer well: Use Introduction, Body, and Conclusion format.
✔ Use legal terminology: Make your answer professional by using legal concepts and doctrines.
These questions will help in preparing for university exams, judicial services, and competitive law exams. Let me know if you need detailed answers or additional resources!
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